Deciduous trees with deeply furrowed bark and smooth to hairy twigs. Leaves stalked, simple, alternate, the veins arising from both sides of a central vein (pinnate); leaf base often asymmetric, much shorter on 1 side of the central vein than on the other; leaf edges with 1-2 sets of teeth; stipules initially present, falling off early.
Flowers small, inconspicuous, in tight clusters, racemes or cymes supported by 2 bracts; flowers occurring on branches of the previous season, usually appearing in spring before leaves. Each flower radially symmetrical, and usually producing both pollen and seeds (sometimes only pollen or seeds). Petals none. Sepals 3-9, fused into a bell-shaped tube with separate lobes at top. Stamens 3-9. Carpels 2-3, fused to form 1 pistil; styles persistent, short, deeply 2-lobed. Pollinated by the wind. Fruits are winged (samaras), usually flattened, roughly round in outline, often with a notch on the tip, the wings papery; each fruit with 1 seed.

Escaped near towns, fields, between forests and streams, river valleys

Tall deciduous tree up to 38 m tall, over 2 m in diameter. Lives to 200 years. Canopy of older trees mushroom-shaped; trunks supported with prominent root flares; wide-spreading root system. Bark dark grayish-brown, deeply furrowed, becomes mottled and scaled with age. Branches become rough and corky while still young. Twigs alternate, light reddish to brownish; often zigzag, not winged. Twigs hairless or occasionally scarcely hairy.
Leaves 7-15 cm long at maturity, are variable, but most often broad, oval with a sharp point, with coarsely, double-toothed edges and an asymmetrical base. Upper surface of mature leaves dark green, often rough, but hairless; underside paler green to whitish and slightly hairy. Leaf stalks 5-8 mm long. Leaf buds small, pointed, light brown.
Flowers with 7-8 stamens; bloom in very early spring before the leaves emerge. Narrowly-winged, oval, veiny fruit in hanging clusters that ripen as the leaves expand; heavy fringe of white to yellow hairs. Wings deeply notched at the tip. Fruit turn from yellow-green to brown as they ripen.

tn-ulmus-americana_tabusintac-r-nb-accdc-sean-blaney-2021-05-14

TN Ulmus americana_Tabusintac R NB ACCDC Sean Blaney 2021-05-14

Ulmus americana Culloden-2023-Burke-Korol-ACCDC

Ulmus americana (2) 2023 Burke Korol ACCDC

Ulmus americana-leaves Eel River Meductic NB 31 May 2023 8036 Jim Goltz

Ulmus americana MacDougall Trail Lincoln NB 7 March 2021 R0010654

Ulmus americana Brunswick St Fredericton NB 21 February 2021 5392 Jim Goltz

Ulmus americana Experimental Farm Fredericton NB 21 February 2021 5345 Jim Goltz

Ulmus americana

Deciduous tree often 18 m tall (can reach 40 m). Often multi-trunked, spreading. Bark gray, smooth compared to other Elms. Inner bark often slimy. Twigs grayish-brown, not winged. Buds triangular, blunt, with rusty hairs. Side buds 4-10 mm.
Leaves 8-16 cm long, oval with tapered tip and asymmetrical base; upper surface often rough, hairy beneath. Leaf stalks 3-6 mm long.
Flowers with 5-6 stamens. Fruit 18-25 mm long with slightly notched wings, hairless, pale brown, broadly oval, almost stalkless, in dense, tassel-like clusters.
Native to Europe; does not frequently escape cultivation.

tn-ulmus-glabra_sackville-nb2-accdc-sean-blaney

TN Ulmus glabra_Sackville NB2 ACCDC Sean Blaney

Ulmus glabra_fruit_Sackville NB ACCDC Sean Blaney

Ulmus glabra_leaves_Sackville NB2 ACCDC Sean Blaney

Ulmus glabra_leaf_Sackville NB ACCDC Sean Blaney

Ulmus glabra_Sackville NB ACCDC Sean Blaney

Ulmus glabra

Roadsides, thickets, forest edges, forests

Deciduous tree up to 35 m tall; often grows from root sprouts along the trunk. Bark deeply furrowed. Twigs hairy, slender, sometimes with corky wings. Buds egg-shaped, very dark, mostly hairless.
Leaves 6-19 cm long with about 12 veins per side, double-toothed, short-stalked with asymmetrical bases. Upper surface rough; hairy beneath. Leaves remain until late Fall.
Flowers in dense racemes. Fruit broadly winged, light brown, up to 18 mm long. Seed above middle of fruit.
Native to Eurasia.

Ulmus procera

Small, deciduous tree usually up to 15 m tall (can reach 40 m). Crown spreading, rounded, messy; many small twigs form dense haze. Bark dark grey with deep furrows and interlacing ridges. Branches irregular. Twigs brown-gray, downy, slender, brittle. Leaf buds dark, tiny, pointed. Side buds not over 3 mm long. Flower buds round, blackish, larger than leaf buds.
Leaves small, 3-7 cm long, grey-green, usually single-toothed. Leaf bases almost symmetrical. Underside of leaves paler green than above, nearly hairless.
Flowers in tight clusters, blackish and green emerging late winter/early spring before the leaves. Fruit pale yellow, rounded, hairless with broad wings and deep notch, nearly stalkless, ripens in spring.
Native to Asia.

Ulmaceae

Elm Family